ISSN   0974-3618  (Print)                     www.rjptonline.org

            0974-360X (Online

 

 

RESEARCH ARTICLE

 

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge of Women Regarding Cancer Cervix

 

Mrs. C. Jegatha1, Prof Mrs. V. Hemavathy2,  Mrs. KR. Vasanthakohila2

1Associate Professor, Sree Balaji College of Nursing Bharath University No. 7. C.L.C. Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai

2Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, Sree Balaji College of Nursing Bharath University No.7. C.L.C. Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai

*Corresponding Author E-mail:

 

ABSTRACT:

The study was conducted to evaluate effectiveness of structured Teaching Programme on knowledge of Women regarding early detection and Prevention of Cancer Cervix 

 

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Knowledge, women, Cervical cancer

 

INTRODUCTION:

A great number of people are living to older age and are at greater risk to chronic disease of various kind. Out of all chronic disease, Benson Raiph (2002) reported, cancer is a Feared and dreaded disease for several reasons cancer, the very utterance of the word sends a shiver down our spine. It spells pain, agony, despair, gloom and death. Frederickson Helen.et.al (2005) evaluated, it is the 9th most common cancer in women in Ireland, with almost 200 women on average developing the disease every year. Dutta DC (2006) revealed contrast to most other cancers, cancer of the cervix affects mainly younger women, with 60% of cases occurring in women aged 50 or younger. Holland James. F. et.al (2003) assessed approximately 70 women in the Republic die from cervical cancer each year. However, cervical cancer can be prevented by means of a simple test – the cervical smear test.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 05.02.2015       Modified on 20.02.2015

Accepted on 25.02.2015      © RJPT All right reserved

Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 8(3) : Mar., 2015; Page 335-338

DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00055.4

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We have chosen 60 women  in between the age group of  35 to 55 years  community area. The research design used for this study is  Pre experimental design of one group pretest and post test design

 

 

Pre test

Treatment

(STP)

Post test

Q1

X

Q2

 

 

 

The dependent variables is knowledge of cervical cancer among women, the independent variable is structured teaching programme. According to systems theory a system is a group of elements that interacts   with one another in order to achieve the goal. The component interacts with in a boundary and filters the type and rate of exchange with the environment.

 

Input

In this study, the input is structured teaching programme regarding general aspects, risk factors, signs and symptoms, early detection and prevention of cancer cervix among women.

 

Throughput

In this study throughput is a process of change in knowledge and understanding about the various aspects of cancer cervix among women.

 

 

 

Output

Output is the outcome of structured teaching programme, which is change in knowledge after structured teaching programme, which will be measured by the post test using the same questionnaire used in the pretest.

 

Feed Back

Feedback is the emphasis to strengthen the input and throughout it is necessary if results show any inadequate knowledge

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme on cervical cancer among women in between the age group of  35 to 55 years. Pre experimental design of one group pretest and post test design was adopted. The sample was selected by using purposive sampling technique

 

 

 

 

Fig 1:  Conceptual Framework Based on General System Model  (Von Ludwig Bertalanffy) - 1968

 

 

 

Table 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variables

S. No.

Variables

 

Groups

(n=60) No.

%

1.

Age (yrs)

a.

35 – 40

13

21.7

b.

41 – 45

28

46.7

c.

46 – 50

10

16.6

d.

Above 50

9

15.0

2.

Martial status

a.

Married

56

93.3

b.

Unmarried

0

-

c.

Widows

3

5.0

d.

Single

1

1.7

3.

Educational status

a.

Illiterate

14

23.3

b.

Primary & middle school

17

28.3

c.

High & Higher secondary school

17

28.3

d.

Graduates

12

20.1

4.

Religion

a.

Hindu

36

60.0

b.

Christian

18

30.0

c.

Muslim

6

10.0

5.

Monthly Income(Rs.)

a.

1000-2000

18

30.0

b.

2001-3000

22

36.7

c.

3001-4000

8

13.3

d.

4001and above

12

20.0

6.

Source of Health information

a.

Health staff

13

21.7

b.

Television / Radio

29

48.3

c.

Newspaper

17

28.3

d.

Neighbours

1

1.7

7.

Husband’s occupation

a.

Labourer

20

33.3

b.

Government employee

4

6.7

c.

Private employee

16

26.7

d.

Business

20

33.3

8.

Parity

a.

Nil

2

3.3

b.

One

23

38.3

c.

Two

28

46.7

d.

≥ Three

7

11.7

9.

Family history of cervical cancer

a.

Grand mother

2

3.3

b.

Mother

0

-

c.

Sister

1

1.7

d.

None

57

95.0

 

 

Table.2.Classification of women according to demographic variables and pre-test knowledge level

Variable

Knowledge level (N=60)

X2 (df=1)

P

Low

Moderate

High

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

i) Age (yrs)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

35-40

8

61.5

5

38.5

-

-

3.5

0.6

41-45

21

75.0

7

25.0

-

-

46-50

10

100

-

-

-

-

Above 50

9

100

-

-

-

-

ii) Martial Status

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Married

45

80.4

11

19.6

-

-

0.07

0.7

Widow

2

66.7

1

33.3

-

-

Single

1

100

-

-

-

-

iii) Education

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Illiterate

14

100

-

-

-

-

16.0

(S)

0.0001

Primary / Middle

17

100

-

-

-

-

High School

17

100

-

-

-

-

College

-

-

12

100

-

-

iv) Religion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hindu

32

88.9

4

11.1

-

-

4.4

(S)

0.03

Christian

12

66.7

6

33.3

-

-

Muslim

4

66.7

2

33.3

-

-

v)Monthly Income(Rs.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1000-2000

17

94.4

1

5.6

-

-

1.9

0.2

2001-3000

17

77.3

5

22.7

-

-

3001-4000

3

37.5

5

62.5

-

-

>4000

11

91.7

1

8.3

-

-

vi) Source of Health Information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Health staff

12

92.3

1

7.7

-

-

9.6

(S)

0.002

TV / Radio

26

89.7

3

10.3

-

-

News paper

10

58.8

7

41.2

-

-

Neighbours

-

-

1

100

-

-

Vii)Husband’s Occupation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labourer

19

95.0

1

5.0

-

-

3.4

0.07

Govt. job

3

75.0

1

25.0

-

-

Private job

11

68.8

5

31.2

-

-

Business

15

75.0

5

25.0

-

-

viii) Parity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

2

100

-

-

-

-

0.4

0.5

1

19

82.6

4

17.4

-

-

2

20

71.4

8

28.6

-

-

≥3

7

100

-

-

-

-

ix)Family History  of CC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gr. Mother

-

-

1

100

-

-

1.2

0.3

Sister

1

100

-

-

-

-

No

47

81.0

11

19.0

-

-

 

 

The variables which showed association with pre-test knowledge level were: Education, Religion and Source of Health Information. Dawn Os et. al. (2005) conducted a study about prevention of carcinoma on  cervix with human papilloma virus vaccine based on experimental evidence stated that it is possible to prevent carcinoma of cervix with human papillomavirus vaccine.

 

Table 3. Comparison between pre-test and post-test knowledge level of women on early detection and prevention of cancer cervix

Knowledge level

Pre-test

Post-test

No

%

No.

%

Inadequate (0-49%)

48

80.0

-

-

Moderate adequate

(50-74%)

12

20.0

32

53.3

Adequate (≥ 75%)

-

-

28

46.7

Total

60

100

60

100

                   

 

Among 60 women 48(80.0%) had low level of knowledge in pre-test and no one had low level of knowledge in post-test. 12(20.0%) of women had moderate level of knowledge in pre-test and 32(53.3%) had moderate level of knowledge in post-test. No one had high level of knowledge in pre-test and 28(46.7%) had high level of knowledge in post-test. So the structured teaching programme was effective in the sample respondents.

Table 4. Mean and Standard Deviation of Pre test and post test Scores of early detection and prevention of cancer cervix

Variables

Pretest score

Post test score

Paired ‘t’ test

Mean

S.D

Mean

S.D

Knowledge

32.4

14.8

73.7

12.3

27.6***

*** P<0.001 statistically significant.

 

The pre test knowledge mean value with 32.4 with a standard deviation of 14.8 and the post test mean value was 73.7 with the standard deviation of 12.3 of the women on early detection and prevention of cancer cervix. The paired ‘t’ test value is 27.6*** which is highly significant at ***p<0.001 level.

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study assessed the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on cervical cancer among  women. After structured teaching programme was accepted the knowledge of the middle aged women on cancer cervix before structured teaching programme was in-adequate. It was adequate after structured teaching programme. So educating the middle aged women regarding early detection and prevention of cancer cervix will helps to prevent the mortality and morbidity rate of middle aged women.

 

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